{"id":175888,"date":"2024-09-23T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-23T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myes.school\/?p=175888"},"modified":"2024-09-16T12:47:29","modified_gmt":"2024-09-16T10:47:29","slug":"difference-preterit-present-perfect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myes.school\/fr\/magazine\/exercices-et-grammaire\/grammaire-anglais\/difference-preterit-present-perfect\/","title":{"rendered":"Diff\u00e9rence preterit & present perfect en anglais"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Lorsque l’on apprend plusieurs temps dans la langue anglaise, il est possible de se perdre dans leur utilisation et ne plus savoir quel temps utiliser !<\/p>

Dans cet article, nous vous expliquons la diff\u00e9rence entre le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit et le present perfect, deux temps qui portent souvent \u00e0 confusion.<\/p>

Utiliser le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit ou le past simple en anglais<\/h2>

Commen\u00e7ons par un petit rappel sur l’utilisation du pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit en anglais<\/u><\/a><\/span> et comment il se forme.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u270d\ufe0f Le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit est un temps du pass\u00e9 qui s’utilise pour parler d’un \u00e9v\u00e9nement qui s’est produit dans le pass\u00e9<\/strong> et qui est termin\u00e9<\/strong> \u00e0 l’heure o\u00f9 vous parlez : des actions qui n’ont plus de lien avec le pr\u00e9sent.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Voici quelques exemples avec la traduction en fran\u00e7ais<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f Yesterday, I went shopping. <\/em>(hier j’ai fait les magasins)<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f My brother lived in London. <\/em>(mon fr\u00e8re a v\u00e9cu \u00e0 Londres)<\/p>

Pour former le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit, il suffit de rajouter -ed<\/strong> \u00e0 la fin des verbes, sauf pour les verbes irr\u00e9guliers qu’il faudra apprendre par c\u0153ur !<\/p>

Vous l’avez compris : le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit s’utilise lorsque l’on rajoute des histoires, des \u00e9v\u00e9nements du pass\u00e9 ou des actions r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es dans le pass\u00e9.<\/p>

Utiliser le present perfect en anglais<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u270d\ufe0f Le pr\u00e9sent perfect<\/u><\/a> <\/span>quant \u00e0 lui, s’utilise pour parler d’une action qui s’est d\u00e9roul\u00e9e au pass\u00e9 et qui ont des cons\u00e9quences sur le pr\u00e9sent.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Voici quelques phrases d’exemple :<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f I have worked here for 3 years.<\/em> (je travaille ici depuis 3 ans.)<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f She has just finished her homework. <\/em>(elle vient de finir ses devoirs)<\/p>

C’est un temps qui s’utilise \u00e9galement pour parler d’exp\u00e9riences pass\u00e9es, par exemple :<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f I have never been to the beach. <\/em>(je ne suis jamais all\u00e9 \u00e0 la plage)<\/p>

Le present perfect<\/em> se forme avec l’auxiliaire avoir “to have” en anglais<\/span><\/u><\/a> et le participe pass\u00e9 du verbe principal.<\/p>

C’est un temps qui est utilis\u00e9 souvent avec already, just, yet, since<\/em> ou for<\/em>.<\/p>

Choisir entre le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit et le present perfect<\/h2>

Maintenant que vous connaissez bien les deux temps, comment bien choisir entre le pass\u00e9 et le pr\u00e9sent perfect ?<\/p>

Pour vous aider \u00e0 bien choisir, la cl\u00e9 est de se poser la question : l’action est-elle r\u00e9volue ou a-t-elle un impact au pr\u00e9sent ?<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u2705 Si l’action n’a plus d’impact ni de lien avec le pr\u00e9sent<\/strong> : il faut utiliser le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit<\/strong><\/p>

\u2705 Si l’action a un impact sur le pr\u00e9sent <\/strong>: il faut utiliser le present perfect<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Enfin, voici un tableau comparatif de la conjugaison du present perfect et le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit pour y voir encore plus clair :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Preterit<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th>
Present perfect<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
I lived in London for 2 years.
\u27a1\ufe0f j’y ai v\u00e9cu, mais je n’y suis plus au moment o\u00f9 je parle. <\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
I have lived in London for 2 years.
\u27a1\ufe0f je vis encore \u00e0 Londres. <\/i><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>
They travelled to Spain last summer
\u27a1\ufe0f le voyage est termin\u00e9. <\/i><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td>
They have travelled a lot this year.
\u27a1\ufe0f ils voyagent toujours actuellement. <\/i><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody>\n\t\t\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Il est important de bien prendre en compte le contexte<\/strong> de la phrase et d’\u00e9viter le plus possible de faire du mot \u00e0 mot avec la langue fran\u00e7aise, au risque de confondre tous les temps !<\/p>

Am\u00e9liorez votre anglais avec My English School !<\/h2>

Vous souhaitez am\u00e9liorer votre fluidit\u00e9 et votre niveau d’anglais ?<\/p>

Chez My English School, nous proposons des cours d’anglais sur-mesure et adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 tous les profils et tous les niveaux ! Apprenez l’anglais de mani\u00e8re naturelle et immersive avec nos formateurs natifs ou de niveau bilingue, et gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 notre m\u00e9thode unique bas\u00e9e sur la pratique orale de l’anglais.<\/p>

Pour en savoir plus, n’h\u00e9sitez pas \u00e0 nous contacter !<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lorsque l’on apprend plusieurs temps dans la langue anglaise, il est possible de se perdre dans leur utilisation et ne plus savoir quel temps utiliser ! Dans cet article, nous vous expliquons la diff\u00e9rence entre le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit et le present perfect, deux temps qui portent souvent \u00e0 confusion. Utiliser le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit ou le past simple […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":175925,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8076],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-175888","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammaire-anglais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDiff\u00e9rence preterit & present perfect en anglais - My English School\u2122<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dans cet article, d\u00e9couvrez comment bien choisir et faire la diff\u00e9rence entre le preterit et le present perfect en anglais !\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Diff\u00e9rence 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