{"id":174512,"date":"2024-07-15T15:03:57","date_gmt":"2024-07-15T13:03:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myes.school\/?p=174512"},"modified":"2024-07-15T15:12:35","modified_gmt":"2024-07-15T13:12:35","slug":"construire-phrase-anglais","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myes.school\/fr\/magazine\/exercices-et-grammaire\/grammaire-anglais\/construire-phrase-anglais\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment construire une phrase en anglais ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Vous venez de commencer \u00e0 apprendre l’anglais et vous avez du mal \u00e0 comprendre comment construire des phrases et l’ordre des mots en anglais ?<\/p>

Dans cet article vous trouverez une fiche de grammaire anglaise sur les r\u00e8gles de construction de phrases !<\/p>

Pour en apprendre encore plus sur la grammaire anglaise, n’h\u00e9sitez pas \u00e0 visiter nos articles :<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f Les pronoms personnels en anglais<\/u><\/a><\/span><\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f Comment former le pluriel en anglais ?<\/u><\/a><\/span><\/p>

Les r\u00e8gles de construction de phrases en anglais<\/h2>

Voici les diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e8gles de grammaire pour construire des phrases en anglais :<\/p>

Dans une phrase affirmative<\/h3>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Sujet \u2795 verbe \u2795 compl\u00e9ment<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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En anglais, l’ ordre des mots <\/strong>dans une phrase est le groupe sujet, verbe, compl\u00e9ment (SVC)<\/strong>. Par exemple, dans la phrase :<\/p>

The cat chases the mouse.<\/em> (le chat pourchasse la souris)<\/p>

Nous avons :<\/p>

\u2705 The cat<\/em> est le sujet<\/strong><\/p>

\u2705 chases<\/em> est le verbe<\/strong><\/p>

\u2705 the mouse<\/em> est le compl\u00e9ment<\/strong><\/p>

Cette construction de phrase est la plus courante en anglais pour des phrases affirmatives.<\/p>

Dans une phrase interrogative en anglais<\/h3>

Dans les phrases interrogatives, la construction est diff\u00e9rente :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Verbe \u2795 sujet \u2795 compl\u00e9ment<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Prenons la phrase Does she like coffee? <\/em>(est-ce qu’elle aime le caf\u00e9) :<\/p>

\u2705 au d\u00e9but nous avons l’auxiliaire does <\/em>(dans ce cas c’est l’auxiliaire be \u00e0 la troisi\u00e8me personne du singulier)<\/p>

\u2705 ensuite nous avons le sujet “she”<\/em><\/p>

\u2705 puis le verbe like<\/em><\/p>

\u2705 et enfin, nous avons le compl\u00e9ment d’objet direct “coffee”<\/em><\/p>

Dans une phrase n\u00e9gative en anglais<\/h3>

La structure d’une phrase n\u00e9gative en anglais est assez similaire \u00e0 celle d’une phrase affirmative, mais avec la n\u00e9gation qui suit toujours le verbe :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Sujet \u2795 verbe \u2795 n\u00e9gation not<\/em> \u2795 compl\u00e9ment<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Si nous reprenons l’exemple de la phrase affirmative :<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f The cat chases the mouse. <\/em>(le chat pourchasse la souris)<\/p>

En phrase n\u00e9gative, ce serait :<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f The cat does not chase the mouse. <\/em>(le chat ne pourchasse pas la souris)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u270d\ufe0f A noter <\/em><\/strong>: en anglais, lorsque l’on veut mettre un verbe au n\u00e9gatif, nous utilisons <\/em>l’auxiliaire \u00eatre en anglais<\/em><\/a><\/span> suivi de la n\u00e9gation “not” et de la base verbale du verbe. Voici quelques exemples : <\/em><\/p>

I like reading \ud83d\udc49 I <\/em>do not<\/em><\/strong> like reading.<\/em><\/p>

They go to school.\ud83d\udc49 They <\/em>do not <\/em><\/strong>go to school.<\/em><\/p>

We eat pizza \ud83d\udc49 We <\/em>do not <\/em><\/strong>eat pizza.<\/em><\/p>

She loves movies \ud83d\udc49 She <\/em>does not<\/em><\/strong> love movies.<\/em><\/p>

Exception<\/strong> : quand le verbe principal est le verbe \u00eatre en anglais !<\/p>

I am sad \ud83d\udc49 I <\/em>am not<\/em><\/strong> sad.<\/em><\/p>

He is happy \ud83d\udc49 He <\/em>is not<\/em><\/strong> happy.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Les adverbes dans une phrase<\/h2>

Les adverbes en anglais peuvent \u00eatre ins\u00e9r\u00e9s \u00e0 n’importe quel endroit de la phrase, peu importe qu’ils se trouvent apr\u00e8s le sujet, apr\u00e8s le verbe ou apr\u00e8s le compl\u00e9ment d’objet. Par exemple :<\/p>

She always arrives early. <\/em>(elle arrive toujours en avance.)<\/p>

She arrives always late. <\/em>(elle arrive toujours en retard)<\/p>

She arrives late always. <\/em>(elle arrive toujours en retard)<\/p>

Les seules exceptions sont les adverbes de degr\u00e9 <\/strong>en anglais, comme par exemple :<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f very<\/em><\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f extremely<\/em><\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f quite<\/em><\/p>

Ces adverbes ne peuvent pas \u00eatre plac\u00e9s juste apr\u00e8s le verbe, on dira donc :<\/p>

I like pizza very much <\/em>ou I very much like pizza. <\/em>(j’aime beaucoup la pizza)<\/p>

\u274c I like very much pizza<\/s> <\/em>est incorrect !<\/p>

Les marqueurs de temps dans une phrase en anglais<\/h2>

Si vous souhaitez ins\u00e9rer un marqueur de temps, c’est quelque chose d’assez simple : vous pouvez soit le mettre au d\u00e9but de votre phrase, soit \u00e0 la fin. Par exemple :<\/p>

Yesterday, I went to the store. <\/em>(hier, je suis all\u00e9e au magasin)<\/p>

I went to the store yesterday. <\/em>(je suis all\u00e9e au magasin hier)<\/p>

Voici les principaux marqueurs de temps<\/b> en anglais que vous devez conna\u00eetre :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Today<\/strong> \u27a1\ufe0f aujourd’hui<\/p>

Yesterday<\/strong> \u27a1\ufe0f hier<\/p>

Tomorrow<\/strong> \u27a1\ufe0f demain<\/p>

This morning<\/strong> \u27a1\ufe0f ce matin<\/p>

This afternoon<\/strong> \u27a1\ufe0f cet apr\u00e8s-midi<\/p>

This evening<\/strong> \u27a1\ufe0f ce soir<\/p>

Tonight<\/strong> \u27a1\ufe0f ce soir<\/p>

This month<\/strong> \u27a1\ufe0f ce mois<\/p>

Next month<\/strong> \u27a1\ufe0f le mois prochain<\/p>

Last month <\/strong>\u27a1\ufe0f le mois dernier<\/p>

This week <\/strong>\u27a1\ufe0f cette semaine<\/p>

Next week <\/strong>\u27a1\ufe0f la semaine prochaine<\/p>

Last week <\/strong>\u27a1\ufe0f la semaine derni\u00e8re<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Am\u00e9liorez votre anglais avec My English School !<\/h2>\n

Vous souhaitez am\u00e9liorer votre niveau d’anglais<\/b> ?<\/p>\n

Chez My English School nous proposons des cours d’anglais sur-mesure<\/b> adapt\u00e9s \u00e0 tous les profils<\/b> et tous les niveaux<\/b>. Apprenez la langue anglaise de mani\u00e8re naturelle<\/b> et immersive<\/b> avec nos formateurs natifs ou de niveau bilingue.<\/b><\/p>\n

Notre m\u00e9thode<\/b> innovante est bas\u00e9e sur la pratique orale de l’anglais<\/b> autour de th\u00e8mes en lien avec la vie de tous les jours ainsi que la vie professionnelle et alli\u00e9e avec le\u00e7on et exercices en ligne pour consolider vos acquis.<\/p>\n

Pour plus d’informations, n’h\u00e9sitez pas \u00e0 nous contacter<\/b> !<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vous venez de commencer \u00e0 apprendre l’anglais et vous avez du mal \u00e0 comprendre comment construire des phrases et l’ordre des mots en anglais ? Dans cet article vous trouverez une fiche de grammaire anglaise sur les r\u00e8gles de construction de phrases ! Pour en apprendre encore plus sur la grammaire anglaise, n’h\u00e9sitez pas \u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":174513,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8076],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-174512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammaire-anglais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nComment construire une phrase en anglais ? - My English School\u2122<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vous avez du mal \u00e0 comprendre comment construire des phrases en anglais ? 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