{"id":169059,"date":"2024-02-09T11:34:46","date_gmt":"2024-02-09T10:34:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.myes.school\/?p=169059"},"modified":"2024-02-09T11:45:37","modified_gmt":"2024-02-09T10:45:37","slug":"past-simple-anglais","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.myes.school\/fr\/magazine\/exercices-et-grammaire\/grammaire-anglais\/past-simple-anglais\/","title":{"rendered":"Le past simple en anglais"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Le past simple, ou le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit en fran\u00e7ais, est le temps le plus utilis\u00e9 en anglais pour parler d’un \u00e9v\u00e9nement qui s’est produit dans le pass\u00e9.<\/p>

Dans la fiche de grammaire d’aujourd’hui, nous allons tout vous expliquer sur comment former le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit, et quand l’utiliser !<\/p>

Quand utiliser le past simple ou le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit en anglais ?<\/h2>

En anglais, nous utilisons le pass\u00e9 simple (ou pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit) pour :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u27a1\ufe0f Parler d’une action ou activit\u00e9 qui s’est d\u00e9roul\u00e9e dans le pass\u00e9 et qui est termin\u00e9e \u00e0 l’heure o\u00f9 vous parlez<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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I walked<\/strong> to the store yesterday. <\/em>(j’ai march\u00e9 jusqu’au magasin hier)<\/p>

Dans cette phrase, vous d\u00e9crivez une action qui s’est produite hier, et qui n’a pas forc\u00e9ment de lien avec le pr\u00e9sent.<\/p>

Exemples<\/span> :<\/p>

She <\/em>ate <\/em><\/strong>lunch at noon. <\/em>(elle a d\u00e9jeun\u00e9 \u00e0 midi)<\/p>

They <\/em>visited <\/em><\/strong>London last summer.<\/em> (ils ont visit\u00e9 Londres l’\u00e9t\u00e9 dernier)<\/p>

We <\/em>watched <\/em><\/strong>a movie last night. <\/em>(nous avons regard\u00e9 un film hier soir)<\/p>

I <\/em>went <\/em><\/strong>to the concert yesterday. <\/em>(je suis all\u00e9 au concert hier)<\/p>

When I was<\/strong> a child, I used to play with my toys all day. <\/em>(quand j’\u00e9tais enfant je jouais avec mes jouets toute la journ\u00e9e)<\/p>

Comment former le simple past ?<\/h3>

L’avantage avec le pass\u00e9 simple en anglais, c’est qu’il est tr\u00e8s facile \u00e0 former ! Voici comment former le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit \u00e0 la forme affirmative :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Sujet \u2795 verbe – ED \u2795 Compl\u00e9ment<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Comme la phrase est au pass\u00e9, naturellement il faudra mettre les verbes au pass\u00e9. En anglais il est assez facile de trouver la forme pass\u00e9e d’un verbe :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u27a1\ufe0f Pour les verbes r\u00e9guliers : <\/strong>il faut ajouter la terminaison -ED \u00e0 la fin de la base verbale.<\/p>

Par exemple :<\/p>

\u2705 to visit – visited<\/strong><\/p>

\u2705 to watch – watched<\/strong><\/p>

Mais en anglais il y a aussi des particularit\u00e9s avec certains verbes que l’on appelle les verbes irr\u00e9guliers.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u27a1\ufe0f Pour les verbes irr\u00e9guliers : <\/strong>il faut utiliser la forme pass\u00e9 irr\u00e9guli\u00e8res du verbe.<\/p>

C’est un peu moins facile que pour les verbes r\u00e9guliers, mais ce n’est tout de m\u00eame pas impossible ! Nous avons d’ailleurs \u00e9crit un article o\u00f9 nous vous d\u00e9voilons toutes les astuces pratiques pour apprendre les verbes irr\u00e9guliers en anglais<\/u><\/a><\/span> \ud83d\ude09<\/p>

Pour vous donnez quelques exemples :<\/p>

\u2705 to eat – ate<\/strong><\/p>

\u2705 to go – went<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Comme vous avez pu le voir dans les phrases d’exemple, la plupart du temps lorsque nous racontons un \u00e9v\u00e9nement qui s’est produit dans le pass\u00e9, nous utilisons des marqueurs de temps pour exprimer que cette action s’est produite dans le pass\u00e9. Voici quelques mots de vocabulaire pour marquer le pass\u00e9 :<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f yesterday <\/strong>(hier)<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f two days ago <\/strong>(il y a deux jours)<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f an hour ago<\/strong> (il y a une heure)<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f last <\/strong>week (la semaine derni\u00e8re)<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f last <\/strong>month (le mois dernier)<\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f last <\/strong>year (l’ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re)<\/p>

Former le past simple au n\u00e9gatif<\/h3>

Comme vous avez pu le voir dans notre article sur les auxiliaires en anglais<\/u><\/a><\/span>, quand le verbe principal de la phrase n’est pas “to be”, pour former la forme n\u00e9gative dans du preterit, il faut utiliser l’auxiliaire “to do” au pass\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Sujet \u2795 did not <\/strong>(ou didn’t<\/strong>)\u2795 base verbale <\/strong>du verbe principal \u2795 Compl\u00e9ment<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Exemples :<\/u><\/p>

She <\/em>didn’t eat <\/em><\/strong>lunch at noon. <\/em>(elle a d\u00e9jeun\u00e9 \u00e0 midi)<\/p>

They <\/em>didn’t visit <\/em><\/strong>London last summer.<\/em> (ils ont visit\u00e9 Londres l’\u00e9t\u00e9 dernier)<\/p>

We <\/em>didn’t watch <\/em><\/strong>a movie last night. <\/em>(nous avons regard\u00e9 un film hier soir)<\/p>

I <\/em>did not<\/em><\/strong> go <\/em><\/strong>to the concert yesterday. <\/em>(je ne suis pas all\u00e9 au concert hier)<\/p>

Quand le verbe principal est “to be”, il ne faut pas utiliser l’auxiliaire “to do”, mais simplement mettre le verbe au pass\u00e9 au n\u00e9gatif.<\/p>

Exemples :<\/u><\/p>

I <\/em>was not<\/em><\/strong> there when he told her. <\/em>(je n’\u00e9tais pas l\u00e0 quand il lui a dit)<\/p>

They <\/em>weren’t <\/em><\/strong>home when I called.<\/em> (ils n’\u00e9taient pas chez eux quand j’ai appel\u00e9)<\/p>

Former des questions au past simple<\/h3>

Pour la forme interrogative, la r\u00e8gle est assez similaire \u00e0 la forme n\u00e9gative : si le verbe principal n’est pas le verbe \u00eatre, il faut utiliser l’auxiliaire “to do” au pass\u00e9 et le mettre au d\u00e9but de la phrase :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Did \u2795 Sujet <\/strong>\u2795 Base verbale <\/strong>\u2795 Compl\u00e9ment ?<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Exemples :<\/u><\/p>

Did <\/em><\/strong>you <\/em>like <\/em><\/strong>the book? <\/em>(as-tu aim\u00e9 le livre ?)<\/p>

Did <\/em><\/strong>they <\/em>go <\/em><\/strong>to London last summer? <\/em>(sont-ils all\u00e9s \u00e0 Londres l’\u00e9t\u00e9 dernier ?)<\/p>

Did <\/em><\/strong>you <\/em>visit <\/em><\/strong>your parents yesterday? <\/em>(as-tu rendu visite \u00e0 tes parents hier ?)<\/p>

Quand le verbe principal est le verbe \u00eatre, il faut simplement mettre l’auxiliaire “to be” au pass\u00e9 au d\u00e9but de la phrase :<\/p>

Exemples :<\/u><\/p>

Were <\/em><\/strong>you able to find the keys? <\/em>(as-tu r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 trouver les cl\u00e9s ?)<\/p>

Was <\/em><\/strong>she at the party last night? <\/em>(\u00e9tait-elle \u00e0 la f\u00eate hier soir ?)<\/p>

Past simple vs past continuous : quelle est la diff\u00e9rence ?<\/h3>

Comme vous avez pu le voir dans notre article sur le past continuous en anglais<\/u><\/a><\/span>, voici la diff\u00e9rence entre le past simple et le past continous :<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u27a1\ufe0f le past simple<\/strong> est utilis\u00e9 pour parler d’une action qui a eu lieu dans le pass\u00e9<\/strong> et qui est finie au pr\u00e9sent<\/strong><\/p>

\u27a1\ufe0f le past continuous <\/strong>est utilis\u00e9 pour parler d’une action qui a dur\u00e9 longtemps dans le pass\u00e9 <\/strong>ou qui \u00e9tait en train de se d\u00e9rouler dans le pass\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Exercices<\/h3>

Conjuguez les verbes au pass\u00e9 dans ces phrases :<\/span><\/p>

a. She (to go)<\/strong> to the cinema yesterday.<\/p>

b. We (to eat)<\/strong> dinner at that restaurant last week.<\/p>

c. They (to play)<\/strong> soccer in the park this morning.<\/p>

d. He (to visit)<\/strong> his grandparents during the holidays.<\/p>

e. I (to meet)<\/strong> my friend after school yesterday.<\/p>

Am\u00e9liorez votre anglais avec My English School<\/h2>

Vous souhaitez am\u00e9liorer votre anglais et parler de mani\u00e8re plus fluide ? Chez My English School nous proposons des formations d’anglais sur-mesure pour tous les \u00e2ges et tous les profils !<\/p>

Nos cours d’anglais<\/a><\/span><\/span> se d\u00e9roulent 100% avec des formateurs natifs ou de niveau bilingue, et vous pouvez choisir entre des cours en petits groupe ou en individuel. Vous apprenez l’anglais en immersion \u00e0 travers des conversations et des exercices sur-mesure.<\/p>

Nos formations sont \u00e9galement \u00e9ligibles au financement CPF !<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

R\u00e9ponses \u00e0 l’exercice :\u00a0<\/em><\/p>

a. went<\/em><\/p>

b. ate<\/em><\/p>

c. played<\/em><\/p>

d. visited<\/em><\/p>

e. met<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le past simple, ou le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit en fran\u00e7ais, est le temps le plus utilis\u00e9 en anglais pour parler d’un \u00e9v\u00e9nement qui s’est produit dans le pass\u00e9. Dans la fiche de grammaire d’aujourd’hui, nous allons tout vous expliquer sur comment former le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit, et quand l’utiliser ! Quand utiliser le past simple ou le pr\u00e9t\u00e9rit en […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":169060,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8076],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-169059","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammaire-anglais"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe past simple en anglais : conjugaison, exemples et exercices<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Voici une fiche de grammaire pour tout vous expliquer sur l'utilisation et comment former le past simple en anglais. 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